I never shift an EA81 before 4500 to 5000. The one in my t-cased hatch with 30" tires gets WORKED when I drive it up into the mountains. I've put it through miles of mountain climbing at 4500 RPM steady cruising.
They want revs under load - gives them better oil pressure. Lugging them will kill the rod bearings.
This is NOT a chevy V8 or a diesel. If you want any power out of it you must get the RPM up. IIRC peak HP on the EA81 is around 3600 to 3800 RPM.
GD
I had a leak, in a coolant bypass hose. I used dry ice in the radiator to pressurize the cooling system, and the leak became much easier to find.
Video.
https://youtube.com/shorts/gN2hKFJvt3M?feature=share